Metal granulation method
With the continuous development of technology, metal granulation methods have become an important material processing technology. Metal granulation refers to the preparation of granular materials with the required shape, size, and performance through processes such as melting, extrusion, crushing, and screening. Metal granulation methods have been widely used in fields such as automobiles, aerospace, electronics, and architecture. This article will introduce the basic methods of metal granulation, their advantages and disadvantages, influencing factors, and practical application cases.
1、 Basic methods of metal granulation
Extrusion granulation method
Extrusion granulation method is a method of forming granular materials by passing molten metal or semi-solid metal through molds or dies under the action of extrusion. According to different extrusion methods, the extrusion granulation method can be divided into cylindrical extrusion granulation method and wheel extrusion granulation method. The columnar extrusion granulation method is the process of squeezing molten metal or semi-solid metal through vertical or inclined extrusion rods to form cylindrical particles. The wheel shaped extrusion granulation method is the process of squeezing molten metal or semi solid metal through a rotating wheel shaped mold to form circular particles.
Spray granulation
Spray granulation is a method of atomizing metal solution into tiny droplets through a nozzle, drying rapidly in the air, and forming granular materials. Spray granulation can be divided into pneumatic spray granulation and mechanical spray granulation. The pneumatic spray granulation method uses compressed air to atomize the metal solution into tiny droplets through a nozzle, and forms particles after drying in air. The mechanical spray granulation method uses a rotating nozzle to atomize the metal solution into tiny droplets, which are dried in the air to form particles.
Spherical granulation method
Spherical granulation method is a method of forming spherical particles by passing molten metal or semi-solid metal through a spherical mold under the action of gravity or centrifugal force. The spherical granulation method can be divided into static spherical granulation method and dynamic spherical granulation method. The static spherical granulation method uses gravity to pour molten metal or semi-solid metal into a spherical mold, forming spherical particles under surface tension and gravity. The dynamic spherical granulation method utilizes centrifugal force to pour molten metal or semi-solid metal into a rotating spherical mold, forming spherical particles under the action of centrifugal force and surface tension.
2、 Advantages, disadvantages and influencing factors of metal granulation methods
Various metal granulation methods have their advantages, disadvantages, and influencing factors. Below is a brief overview of these methods:
Squeeze granulation method: Squeeze granulation method can obtain particles with regular shapes and smaller sizes, but the equipment cost is high and the production efficiency is low. The factors that affect the extrusion granulation method include the properties of metal materials, temperature, pressure, mold structure, etc.
Spray granulation method: spray granulation method can obtain particles with uniform shape and good sphericity, with high production efficiency, but large equipment investment and large energy consumption. The factors affecting spray granulation include the properties of metal solution, nozzle structure, air velocity, etc.
Spherical granulation method: Spherical granulation method can obtain spherical particles with regular shape and high density, with lower equipment cost but lower production efficiency. The factors that affect the spherical granulation method include the properties of metal materials, temperature, mold structure, etc.
3、 Practical application cases
Application of extrusion granulation method in the production of aluminum particles: Aluminum particles are an important industrial raw material, widely used in fields such as construction, automotive, aerospace, etc. The extrusion granulation method can prepare aluminum particles with diameters ranging from tens of micrometers to a few millimeters, which have high sphericity and surface smoothness.
Application of spray granulation in the production of iron powder: iron powder is an important magnetic material, which is widely used in electronics, communications and other fields. The spray granulation method can prepare iron powder particles with a diameter of several microns to tens of microns, which have high sphericity and purity.
The application of spherical granulation method in the production of ceramic particles: Ceramic particles are an important structural material widely used in fields such as automobiles and aerospace. The spherical granulation method can prepare ceramic particles with diameters ranging from a few micrometers to several hundred micrometers, which have high sphericity and density.
Granulation methods for various metal materials:
1. Aluminum particles: aluminum particles can be prepared by extrusion granulation or spray granulation. Extrusion granulation can produce aluminum particles with regular shape and small size, while spray granulation can produce aluminum particles with uniform shape and good sphericity. These aluminum particles are widely used in fields such as construction, automotive, aerospace, etc.
2. Iron powder: iron powder can be prepared by spray granulation method, and the prepared iron powder particles have high sphericity and purity. These iron powder particles are widely used in fields such as electronics and communication.
3. Copper particles: copper particles can be prepared by extrusion granulation or spray granulation. The extrusion granulation method can produce copper particles with regular shape and small size, while the spray granulation method can produce copper particles with uniform shape and good sphericity. These copper particles are widely used in fields such as wires and cables.
4. Stainless steel particles: Stainless steel particles can be prepared by spherical granulation method, and the prepared stainless steel particles have high sphericity and density. These stainless steel particles are widely used in the manufacturing of high-strength, corrosion-resistant parts and tools.
5. Titanium particles: Titanium particles can be prepared by extrusion granulation or spray granulation. The extrusion granulation method can produce titanium particles with regular shape and small size, while the spray granulation method can produce titanium particles with uniform shape and good sphericity. These titanium particles are widely used in the manufacturing of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant parts and tools.
Equipment required for metal granulation production line:
Double wrist granulator
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